Most countries wont recognize a passport as a passport if the face is not completely visible. However there are still few countries as Iran which requires women to have a photo with turban (head scarf) on.
So to answer your question, No! You can not have a passport photo with a veil, hijab, barq on. But you can have your turban on your head. countries will recognize your passport as long as your face is shown on the photo.
I have never heard nor seen anybody getting a passport (or any official document) picture with a veil, barq or hijab on. It just wouldnt make any sense.